As a mother awaits the arrival of her new bundle of joy, she makes plans for how she will parent, love, care for, and—most importantly—feed her baby. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, breastfeeding is considered the gold standard for infant nutrition. Breast milk contains more than 30 components that help protect babies from infections and illnesses. It is common for new breastfeeding mothers to wonder if they are providing enough milk for their baby to grow and thrive.

Is My Baby Getting Enough Milk?

Since it is not possible to see exactly how much milk a baby is drinking, mothers may find it difficult to know if their baby is getting enough. The following are some signs that your baby is getting enough milk:

• By the sixth day of life, the baby has at least six wet diapers and three soft, yellow stools within 24 hours.
• Feeding at least eight to twelve times in 24 hours.
• Breastfeeding feels comfortable and pain free. Some discomfort is normal at first, but ongoing pain may mean the baby’s position or latch needs adjustment.
• Breasts feel softer and less full after feeding.
• Baby seems happy and content after feedings.

Remember, breastfeeding can be challenging in the beginning, but it gets easier as mom and baby get to know each other and settle into a routine. Many women are able to breastfeed exclusively, which means providing only breast milk and no other foods, water, or formula. If you are concerned about low milk supply, consult your doctor or a lactation consultant. They can help determine if there is a supply issue and offer solutions.

What Can Cause Milk Supply to Decrease?

Several factors can affect milk production:

• Hormonal birth control, especially if started before the baby is 4 months old, may reduce milk supply for some women.
• Poor latch can lead to sore nipples and less stimulation for milk production.
• Smoking transmits harmful chemicals through breast milk and can reduce milk supply.
• Alcohol, even in small amounts, can affect the hormones that control milk production and letdown.
• Scheduling feedings instead of feeding on demand may decrease milk supply. Watch for hunger cues like mouthing, lip smacking, sucking on lips, fingers, or toes, and rooting.
• Cutting feedings short instead of letting the baby decide when they are done.

To help support milk production, moms are encouraged to drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet full of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Breastfeeding moms need to consume about 300 to 500 extra calories per day. Rest is also important. Being a new mom can be overwhelming, so get plenty of rest and ask for help when needed. Enjoy this precious time with your new bundle of love.