The demand for organic produce continues to rise across the United States, leading more farmers in Alabama to consider transitioning from conventional to organic production systems. National sales of organic foods have nearly doubled in recent years as consumers are increasingly willing to pay premium prices for organic products.

This growing market offers promising opportunities for Alabama producers, but it also presents unique challenges during the transition process. Growers must keep in mind that organic farming is more than just avoiding chemicals. It is a long-term investment in healthier soils, improved biodiversity, and a sustainable farming system that requires planning, documentation, and patience.

Transition Takes Time

To become certified organic, farms must undergo a transition period of at least 3 years during which no prohibited substances, like synthetic pesticides, can be used. Also during that time, growers must follow organic practices but cannot yet market their crops as certified organic. Certified organic farms are required to use organic seeds when available.

Auburn University’s Horticulture Department conducts annual trials to help growers identify cultivars best suited to Alabama’s environmental conditions. Choosing seeds that are disease-resistant and well-adapted to the local climate is key to long-term success in organic systems. After all, this transition phase is often the most challenging. Yields may temporarily decline, and farmers must maintain detailed records of all activities—from land use to input materials.

Certification Steps and Support

According to the US Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program, the organic certification process typically takes 3 to 6 months and involves five main steps.

The process begins by submitting an application that includes an Organic System Plan to an accredited certifier. The certifier reviews the documentation to ensure the operation meets all organic standards.

Next, an on-site inspection is conducted to verify farming practices and record-keeping procedures. The certifier evaluates the findings following the inspection and may request additional information or corrective actions.

If all requirements are satisfied and the operation complies with organic regulations, the certifier issues the official organic certification.

Tools, Resources, and Expert Help

Alabama Cooperative Extension System specialists are available to help growers understand the requirements, navigate certification, and stay productive throughout the organic transition process. For more information, including upcoming workshops or connections for one-on-one guidance, contact your local Extension office or visit www.aces.edu.

Additional resources include the following:

• USDA Guide for Organic Crop Producers
• Organic Seed Finder Catalog from Pennsylvania Certified Organic
• List of Organic Seed Companies

Acknowledgments

The study was funded by the US Department of Agriculture, throughout the Organic Transition Program, award 2021-51106-35568 (The divergent paths of organic transition: Best management practices for initial years of organic vegetable fields in SE US).