Champion Plantings

The age-old idea that some plants are beneficial to nearby plants while some inhibit the growth of their neighbors has experienced a resurgence in popularity.

This practice, commonly called "companion planting," deals with combinations of herbs and vegetables, although ornamentals also benefit from certain companions.

Some scientific evidence supports the idea, but most evidence comes from long practice and experimentation by seasoned gardeners.

The leaves and roots of some plants are said to release compounds that promote the development of nearby plants. For instance, chives enhance the flavor and growth of tomatoes, carrots, apples, berries and grapes. They also are thought to repel aphids and Japanese beetles. Tarragon is said to enhance the flavor and growth of most garden crops. Likewise, basil improves the flavor of many garden vegetables, specifically tomatoes and lettuce, and repels flies and mosquitoes.

Planting Allium spp. under your rose bushes repels aphids and enhances the fragrance of the rose blooms. Garlic and garlic chives will work, but broad-leaved ornamental allium seems to be more effective and attractive.

Nicotiana and artemisia act as general repellants - neither insects nor animals like their pungent scents. Many aromatic herbs such as rosemary, garlic, mint, parsley and sage, tend to repel certain insects and, thus, make good companions.

If you are interested in planting companions which attract beneficial insects as an alternate method of protection, here are some good options: yarrow, dill, coriander, carrot, fennel, mint, sage, thyme and nasturtium. The pollen and nectar provided by these plants attracts natural insect enemies. However, keep in mind many on the list are also very attractive hosts to butterfly larvae. This can be a blessing if you enjoy butterflies, but the larvae will feed on the foliage of these plants.

Some plants are contrary companions. These are some combinations to avoid: cabbage with beans, onions with peas and onions with beans. Other plants are plain disagreeable. For instance, sunflowers are better planted alone and walnuts will kill almost anything within reach of their roots!

A monoculture (a large planting of only one species) is not natural and can lead to many difficulties. Intermingle your plantings with a variety of species to achieve not only a healthier garden but also a more unique, diverse and altogether enjoyable gardening experience.