 |
ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION SERIES
TIMELY INFORMATION
Agriculture & Natural Resources |
|
EXTENSION ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION, AUBURN UNIVERSITY,
AL 36849-5647
|
Abstract: The 1996 Peanut Production Survey conducted by The Alabama
Agricultural Statistics Service included approximately 15% of current acreage
of 192,000 acres currently grown in Alabama. Data collected included acreage
planted by variety prevalence, average yield, pesticide usage, and IPM
practices utilized. Management practices were delineated which included
weed control, insect and mite control, and disease control programs. Where
pesticides were used, growers reported rates, methods, and times applied.
Keywords: peanuts, pesticides, survey
Alabama 1996 Statewide Peanut Producer Survey
conducted by
The Alabama Agricultural Statistics Service
for the
Alabama Pesticide Impact Assessment Program
Revised June 1999
-
There were 28,069 acres of peanuts represented
in the survey.
-
The total current acreage estimate is 192,000
acres.
-
The top varieties grown were:
|
Variety
|
Planted Acres %
of Total
|
Average Yield
Pounds/Acre
|
| Florunner |
31.1 |
2,490 |
| GK-7 |
28.0 |
2,671 |
| Andru 93 |
13.5 |
3,022 |
| Southern Runner |
11.2 |
2,595 |
| Sun Runner |
6.6 |
3,114 |
Herbicides Used, Acres Treated and Total
Product Applied
-
A total of 97.5% of surveyed acreage was treated
with herbicides or 187,200 acres were treated to control weeds in
1996.
| Weed Prevalence |
|
Weed
(common name) |
Survey
Percentage |
|
Weed
(common name) |
Survey
Percentage |
| Nutsedge |
88.3
|
|
Fall Panicum |
34.1
|
| Florida Beggarweed |
87.7
|
|
Johnsongrass |
33.1
|
| Morningglory |
86.7
|
|
Bur Gherkin |
31.5
|
| Cocklebur |
85.6
|
|
Tropic Croton |
25.6
|
| Crabgrass |
78.4
|
|
Wild Poinsettia |
22.0
|
| Bristly Starbur |
77.0
|
|
Lambsquarter |
20.1
|
| Sicklepod |
75.0
|
|
Broadleaf Signalgrass |
13.1
|
| Florida Pusley |
71.8
|
|
Crowfootgrass |
12.8
|
| Texas Panicum |
68.7
|
|
Crotalaria |
12.2
|
| Ragweed |
55.7
|
|
Jimsonweed |
10.8
|
| Bermudagrass |
49.2
|
|
Redweed |
9.1
|
| Pigweed |
48.0
|
|
Wooly Croton |
8.0
|
| Wild Citron |
38.0
|
|
Goosegrass |
3.9
|
| Prickly Sida |
34.7
|
|
|
|
Preplant Herbicides
Herbicide
Trade Name
(Rate/Acre Broadcast) |
Herbicide Common Name
(Active Herbicide/Acre) |
Acres
Treated |
Total
Product Applied1 |
| SonalanTM
3EC (2 pt.) |
Ethalfluralin (0.6-1.125 lb.) |
91,584 |
22,896
gal. |
| ProwlTM
3.3E (1.8 pt.) |
Pendimethalin (0.75-1 lb. |
73,152 |
16,459
gal. |
| DualTM
8E (2 pt.) |
Metolachlor (1.5-2 lb.) |
66,624 |
16,656
gal. |
| PursuitTM
70DG (1.4 oz.) |
Imazethapyr (0.0625 lb.) |
8,064 |
706
lb. |
| VernamTM
(2 1/3 pt.) |
Vernolate (2-2.625 lb.) |
5,568 |
1,624
gal. |
| FrontierTM
6E (1.5 pt.) |
Dimethenamid (1.18-1.5 lb.) |
822 |
154
gal. |
1Total product applied was
calculated on the average label rate. |
Preemergence Herbicides
Herbicide
Trade Name
(Rate/Acre Broadcast) |
Herbicide
Common Name
(Active Herbicide/Acre) |
Acres
Treated |
Total
Product Applied1 |
| ProwlTM
3.3E (1.8 pt.) |
Pendimethalin (0.75-1 lb.) |
11,904 |
2,678
gal. |
| DualTM
8E (2 pt.) |
Metolachlor (1.5-2 lb.) |
5,376 |
1,344
gal. |
| PursuitTM
70DG (1.4 oz.) |
Imazethapyr (0.0625 lb.) |
2,880 |
252
lb. |
1Total product applied was
calculated on the average label rate. |
Postemergence Herbicides
Herbicide
Trade Name
(Rate/Acre Broadcast) |
Herbicide Common Name
(Active Herbicide/Acre) |
Acres
Treated |
Total
Product Applied1 |
| ButyracTM
200 (0.2 lb.) |
2,4-DB (0.2-0.25 lb.) |
108,288 |
10,829
gal. |
| StarfireTM
1.5 (0.6875 pt.) |
Paraquat (0.125 lb. + non-ionic surfactant |
99,456 |
8,547
gal. |
| CadreTM
DG (1.44 oz.) |
Imazameth (0.063 lb.) + non-ionic surfactant |
74,304 |
6,502
lb. |
| ClassicTM
25DF (0.5 oz.) |
Chlorimuron (0.125 oz.) |
45,504 |
1,422
lb. |
| BasagranTM
4 (2 pt.) |
Bentazon (0.75-1 lb.) |
42,048 |
10,512
gal. |
| StormTM
(1.5 pt.) + crop oil concentrate (2 pt.) |
Bentazon (0.5 lb.) + acifluronfen (0.25 lb.) + crop oil
concentrate |
32,448 |
6,084
gal. |
| DualTM
8E (2 pt.) |
Metolachlor (1.5-2 lb.) |
18,048 |
4,512 gal. |
| BlazerTM
2L (1.5 pt.) |
Aciflurofen (0.5 lb.) + non-ionic surfatant |
14,400 |
2,700
gal. |
| Poast PlusTM
1E (1.5 pt.) + crop oil concentrate (2 pt.) |
Sethoxydim (0.2 lb.) + crop oil concentrate |
13,440 |
2,520
gal. |
| ProwlTM
3.3E (1.8 pt.) |
Pendimethalin (0.75-1 lb.) |
11,712 |
2,635 gal. |
| PursuitTM
70DG (1.4 oz.) |
Imazethapyr (0.0625 lb.) |
3,072 |
269 lb. |
| ToughTM
(2 pt.) + ButyracTM 200 (0.8 pt.) |
Pyridate (0.94 lb.) + 2,4-DB (0.2 lb.) |
1,880 |
470
gal. |
1Total product applied was
calculated on the average label rate. |
Insecticides Used, Acres Treated, Total Product Applied
-
There were 84% of the acreage that received some insecticide treatment
in 1996.
Insect Prevalence
| Pest |
Acreage
Treated |
|
Pest |
Acreage
Treated |
| Thrips |
158,271 |
|
Spider Mites |
16,588 |
| Lesser Cornstalk Borers |
36,630 |
|
Velvetbean Caterpillars |
13,544 |
| Aphids |
35,090 |
|
Three Cornered Alfalfa
Hoppers |
8,680 |
| Fall Armyworms |
33,189 |
|
Leafhoppers |
7,805 |
| Corn Earworms |
21,102 |
|
Southern Corn Rootworms |
4,747 |
| Beet Armyworms |
20,931 |
|
Wireworms |
3,345 |
|
Insecticides Applied at Planting
| Product/A |
Acres Treated
|
Total Product Applied1 |
| OrtheneTM
75SP (4 oz.) |
163,392
|
40,848 lb. |
| TemikTM
15G (6.7 lb.) |
110,208
|
738,394 lb. |
| ThimetTM
20G (5 lb.) |
22,080
|
110,400 lb. |
| Di-SystonTM
15G (6.7 lb.) |
32,256
|
216,115 lb. |
1Total product applied was calculated
on the average label rate.
|
Insecticides Applied Early Season
| Product/A |
Acres
Treated |
Total
Product Applied1 |
| OrtheneTM
75SP (.75 lb.) |
3,264 |
2,448 lb. |
| LorsbanTM
15G (13.3 lb.) |
1,920 |
25,536 lb. |
| Asana XLTM
(4.35 oz.) |
1,369 |
47 gal. |
| MalathionTM
(.75 qt.) |
753 |
142 gal. |
| KarateTM
(2 oz.) |
684 |
11 gal. |
| LannateTM
(.56 qt.) |
678 |
95 gal. |
1Total product applied was calculated
on the average label rate.
|
Applied Mid-Season to Control Lesser Cornstalk Borers
| Product/A |
Acres Treated
|
Total Product Applied1 |
| LorsbanTM
15G (13.3 lb.) |
14,784
|
196,627 lb. |
1Total product applied was calculated
on the average label rate. |
Insecticides Applied Late Season
| Product |
Acres Treated
|
Total
Product Applied1 |
| Asana XLTM
(4.35 oz.) |
5,376
|
183 gal. |
| LannateTM
(.56 qt.) |
3,072
|
432 gal. |
| LorsbanTM
15G (13.3 lb.) |
2,688
|
35,750 lb. |
| OrtheneTM
75SP (.75 lb.) |
1,745
|
1,309 lb. |
| Sevin XLRTM
(2 pt.) |
931
|
233 gal. |
| KarateTM
(2.5 oz.) |
684
|
13 gal. |
| MalathionTM
(.75 qts.) |
246
|
46 gal. |
1Total product applied was calculated
on the average label rate. |
Fungicides Used, Acres Treated and Total
Product Applied
-
There were 92% of the acreage that received
fungicide or fumigant treatments to control disease.
Disease Prevalence
| Disease |
Acreage
Treated |
| Peanut Leafspot and Rust |
177,600 |
White Mold (Southern Stem
Rot)
and Rhizoctonia Limb Rot |
124,992 |
|
Leafspot Fungicides Used
Product
(Rate/Application) |
Acres Treated |
Avg. Times Applied |
Total Product Applied1 |
| BravoTM
720F (1.5 pt.) |
86,976 |
3.6 |
58,709 gal. |
| FolicurTM
3.6F (7.2 fl. oz.) |
79,104 |
3.1 |
13,794 gal. |
| TerranilTM
(1.5 pt.) |
53,376 |
3.9 |
39,031 gal. |
| TiltTM
(2 fl. oz.) |
41,088 |
1.5 |
963 gal. |
FolicurTM
CL
(BayerTM 720
16 fl. oz. plus
FolicurTM 3.6F
4.1 fl. oz.) |
30,912 |
3.8 |
Bayer 720
14,757 gal.
Folicur 3.6F 3,689 gal. |
| EchoTM
6F (1.5 pt.) |
19,776 |
3.1 |
11,495 gal. |
| EvadeTM
4.17F (2.1 pt.) |
17,280 |
3.0 |
13,608 gal. |
| Bravo-UltrexTM
(1.4 lb.) |
10,752 |
2.0 |
30,106 lb. |
| Sulfur (6F) (1 qt.) |
5,952 |
3.1 |
4,613 gal. |
1Total product applied was calculated
on the average label rate. |
Fungicides Applied to Control Stem Rot or Rhizoctonia
Limb Rot
Product
(Rate/Application)
|
Acres Treated
|
Avg. Times Applied
|
Total Product Applied1
|
| FolicurTM
3.6F (7.2 fl. oz.) |
91,392
|
3.1
|
15,936 gal.
|
FolicurTM
CL
(BayerTM 720
16 fl. oz. plus FolicurTM 3.6F 4.1 fl.
oz.) |
30,912
|
4.0
|
19,417 gal.
|
| LorsbanTM
15G (13.3 lb.) |
8,640
|
1.0
|
114,912 lb.
|
| Bravo/MoncutTM
FL (2.1 pt.) |
5,568
|
4.0
|
5,846 gal.
|
1Total product applied was calculated
on the average label rate. |
Fumigants or Nematicides Applied, Acres
Treated and Total Product Applied
-
There were 35.8% of the acreage that received
fumigants or nematicides to control nematodes.
Nematicides Applied Before Planting as
Fumigants
|
Product/A
|
Acres Treated
|
Total Product Applied
|
| TeloneTM
C-17 (5.5 gal.) |
1/
|
1/
|
| Telone IITM
(5.5 gal.) |
1/
|
1/
|
1/ Either TeloneTM
C-17 or Telone IITM was applied to 4,416
acres or 2.3% of the Alabama peanut acreage.
Total product was not calculated since either
product applied was less than 5% of total acreage. |
|
Nematicides Applied At Planting
|
Product/A*
|
Acres
Treated |
Total Product Applied1
|
| TemikTM
15G applied in furrow (6.7 lb.) |
37,056
|
248,275 lb.
|
| TemikTM
15G applied in band (14 lb.) |
23,232
|
325,248 lb.
|
TemikTM
15G split at planting/mid season
(20 lb.) |
8,256
|
165,120 lb.
|
1 Total product applied was calculated
on the average label rate.
* Other products included TemikTM
15G split at planting and mid-season and MocapTM .
These products were
applied to less
than 5% of the surveyed acreage. |
Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work in
agriculture and home economics, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, and other
related acts, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The
Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University and Auburn
University) offers educational programs, materials, and equal opportunity
employment to all people without regard to race, color, national origin,
religion, sex, age, veteran status, or disability.
This document is author-produced.
Community
Resource Development homepage
Jesse
C. LaPrade, PIAP Liaison